Ipo - the Product and Process Improvement

1.1 IPO model:

IPO is used on company or restaurant management the process of create the product and process improvement, analysis which step need been changing, it can let restaurant or company see more clear at every process and step.(Anon, n.d.)(Anon, 2016)

Input:

Input is mean that put the material which is process need it, and make sure that the materials and order are satisfied with processes, for example if we want to bake a toast, so we must have bread flour, water and egg to make a toast, to the material of input is water, egg, flour, so we can see very clearly in the input of IPO and make sure we are not adding wrong material in the input and let process work properly.

Process:

The process is to let material change to the product, it's an important step because the process is for making the product, it relates to product good or bad, so in the IPO can see what is the step in the process and if something gets wrong it can easy to check and change, for example we have material to make toast, and the process is to make dough, fermentation, and bake, if a product is bad, you can find the wrong from this three-step, check which step have mistake.

Output:

Create by the process, the output including the product and service, usually our products must meet the needs of the customer, so we must know what is the customer wants, for the product, what kind of trait does this product have and this product can give customers what kind of experience, then the customer satisfied good or bad is very important because it can directly verify the product is good or bad, for the service, we can set a standard for service customers, so we must know the customer demand, analysis the market and find what kind of service is customer want.

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Figure 1: IPO MODEL

1.2 IPO control 4M resources:

Restaurant resources need to be controlled effectively, the restaurant manager develops the standard operating procedure to monitor the operation of each step, thus, perceive the qualitative and quantitative achievement, in order to improve and reinforce the performance of restaurant operation.

IPO model can help implementers to clearly understand each step, such as whether the performance is following the standard operating procedures, and managing the wastage of resources, for example: due to the standard operating procedures, when the cook produce the dish, can make sure the material can be used properly and providing standard portion. However, in the process step, implementers able to identify whether the result of the output reaches the expectation.

the IPO model emphasizes the demands for SOP in the process part, which is the benefit for the restaurant staff to reinforce the performance of work, when staff  get used to SOP, it will cause staff don't know how to solve the temporary situation, for example: when customer complain the problem to staff, staff usually said ''this is company rules'', this situation will cause to reduce the customer satisfaction, because it does not  really solve the problem of customer, thus, the SOP is unable to  carry everything, the staffs must learn how to respond temporary situation properly.

The IPO model can clearly understand how each step operation, and it is also helpful to help control resources. After the standard operating procedures are developed, the restaurant can have standard, for example: When retraining employees there have the standard operating procedure to make the restaurant more easy training of employees and can training out high-quality employees. After serving customers, they can improve customer satisfaction and make the restaurant better. The IPO model can be used in a wide range of organizations, it can train a cohesive team, so the IPO model is really a great tool. (Psychology and Dynamics, n.d.)

2.1 Product-Consumer Relationship

In the business, the consumer is very important, you can say the consumer is mastering the life and death for a company, and whatever company wants to create the product it must meet of needs for customer, let consumer satisfied with the product. A company has the different type of product, e.g. shoes, shoes have a lot of different types, running shoes, basketball shoes or another kind of shoes, so many shoes can let the customer choose, but the first important things is we must know the customer demand.  (Future Startup, 2013)

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Figure 2: Consumer-product relationship framework.

Market Research:

When we create the product, the first important is the analysis of the market trend and consumer demand, because we must know what is customer want, we can ask the customer to fill out the questionnaire and collect customer demand from it. (Shopify, n.d.)

Market Segmentation:

Market segmentation is to divide the market into different categories, in order to meet the needs of different customers, and there are 4 types of market segments most used, it have Demographic segmentation, Behavioral segmentation, Psychographic segmentation and Geographic segmentation. (Marketing91.com, 2018)