Marine Bio

Shawn Cheek

Marine Bio

Pd 5

Midterm Exam

1.

sessile - permanently attached or fixed; not free-moving

benthic - the bottom under a body of water

neritic - of or relating to the region of the sea over the continental shelf which is less than 200 meters deep

stenohaline - limited to or able to live only within a narrow range of saltwater concentrations

ecology - the relationship between organisms and their environment

nekton - actively swimming animals in a body of water

spring tide - the exceptionally high and low tides that occur at the time of the new moon or the full moon when the sun, moon, and earth are approximately aligned

niche - the function or position of an organism or population within an ecological community

estuary - the wide part of a river where it nears the sea; fresh and salt water mix

prokaryote - a unicellular organism having cells lacking membrane-bound nuclei

aphotic - the region of a body of water that is not reached by sunlight and in which photosynthesis is unable to occur

phytoplankton - photosynthetic or plant constituent of plankton; mainly unicellular algae

autotroph - an organism capable of synthesizing its own food from inorganic substances, using light or chemical energy

hermaphrodite - a plant or animal that normally has both male and female reproductive organs

population - all the organisms that constitute a specific group or occur in a specified habitat

2.

sublittoral - below low tide; always covered by saltwater; fish, worms; gills, regulate salt intake

littoral - in between high and low tides; when the tide comes in the water can erode this zone; corraline algae, barnacles; photosynthesis, tolerance of salt water

supralittoral - above high tide; saltwater never reaches this zone; black lichen, some green algae; lungs, photosynthesis

3.

highly developed eyes - better sight

large brains - more advanced than other mollusks

ink sac - help in capturing prey, defense

suckers - help in capturing prey

mantle - enhanced protection

4.

protection by mantle, protection by arms/tentacles, better reactions when distance is shorter

5.

zooanthellae - most important source of nutrition

light - photosynthesis