Eating Disorders
By: Mike • Essay • 1,478 Words • December 11, 2009 • 928 Views
Essay title: Eating Disorders
Millions of American women struggle with eating disorders. An eating disorder is
a disturbance in eating behavior. Most people associate eating disorders with anorexia
nervosa, "active self-starvation or sustained loss of appetite that has psychological
origins" (Coon 133), or bulimia nervosa, "excessive eating (gorging) usually followed by
self-induced vomiting and/ or taking laxatives (Coon 411). They need to purge their bodies of calories in any way possible, so they may also use diuretics or even exercise compulsively. Their body images are severely distorted. They're the most talked about and the best studied eating disorders, and researchers estimate that nearly seven million women in the United States suffer from either anorexia or bulimia. But there's a newly recognized condition known as binge-eating disorder that is now considered the most common eating disorder. In the U.S. population, it has a frequency of about one to four out of every one hundred people.
Although eating disorders afflict women much more often than they do men, it is
estimated that about one million American men suffer from either anorexia or bulimia, and
millions more have binge-eating disorder. Eating disorders are much more prevalent in
industrialized countries. According to the American Psychiatric Association, eating
disorders are most common in the United States, Canada, Europe, Australia, Japan, New
Zealand, and South Africa.
Americans today live in a fat-phobic society where, from a very early age, girls are
raised to think that thin is better. The famous writer and theater critic Dorothy Parker
once said, "no woman can be too rich or too thin," words that quickly became a
catchphrase still used today. Many of us grow up learning to associate fat with ugliness
and failure. Advertisements bombard us with thinner-than-normal models. Most Miss
America contestants and fashion supermodels are more than fifteen percent below the
expected weight for their height and age, a criterion for anorexia according to the
American Psychiatric Association (Breen). It is not surprising to hear reports of healthy,
children of normal weight who are concerned about their diet and afraid of becoming too
fat, and of an increasing number of girls who haven't yet reached puberty who are showing
signs of anorexia. In one study, forty-five percent of third through sixth graders said that
they wanted to be thinner, forty percent of them had actually tried to lose weight, and
seven percent of them scored within the high-risk range of an "eating attitude" test that
detects or predicts eating disorder behavior.
Eating disorders usually begin before the age of twenty. In a ten year study
conducted by the National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders,
ten Percent of all the participants reported that their anorexia or bulimia started before
they were ten years old; thirty-three percent reported the onset between the ages of
eleven and fifteen, and forty-three percent reported an onset between the ages of sixteen
and twenty (DeFresne).
Anorexia and bulimia have serious physical and psychological repercussions,
which, if left untreated, can be fatal. Eating disorders can devastate the body. Physical
problems associated with eating disorders include hair and bone loss, palpitations, anemia,
Tooth decay, esophagitis