Intra Industry Trade in India

India’s

Intra Industry Trade

CONTENTS

Acknowledgements 2

Introduction 4

Theoretical Framework 5

Methodology 6

Analysis 8

Sensitivity Analysis 12

Industry Analysis 14

Sugar industry 14

Diamond industry 18

Man made staple fibres 22

Preserved food industry 29

Carbon industry 36

Conclusion 41

Introduction

The project of Intra Industry trade of India from 1990-2000 is an attempt to understand the India’s trade with world and changes taking place in the nature of trade in various commodities. To achieve this process of understanding we followed a methodology, which is being described subsequently. Working on the lines of that methodology analysis has been done of the extracted data relevant to our objective. Thereafter analysis is done by evaluating Grubel Lloyd Index, commodities in Vertical and horizontal Category and evaluating their respective indices.

This is being followed by choosing 5 industries based on the factors viz. Technology, Labour, Role of Government and Role of Domestic Consumers which cover the broadest of the economic framework and can be utilized for further prediction. We have chosen following sectors and analysis done in these try to answer associated questions qualititaively:

 Diamond: How the Labour abundance and skill shaped the magnitude and nature of Trade in diamond Sector?

 Sugar: How much can Government affect the direction and strength of trade and role of technological upgradation & skillset shapes the trade parameters?

 Preserved Food: How changing taste and preferences of consumer affects the trade?

 Man Made Staple and Fibre: What is the affect of Labour laws and unskilled labour on trade and How the latent advantages remain hidden if Policy makers are late?

 Carbon: Once again a classic case of going from Horizontal to Vertical in an undesirable way. Here duties’ structure come into picture.

These questions will be attempted to be answered which can help us in structuring policies considering the increasing amount of Intra Industry trade in overall Trade.

We end up with concluding about the overall picture of emerging Intra Industry Trade based upon the past and crucial factors for Trade.

Theoretical Framework

It is generally held that the Ricardian and the H-O-S models cannot provide a proper understanding of Intra-Industry Trade. This called for new theoretical formulations. While the earlier attempts were aimed at explaining horizontal IIT analytical interest on vertical IIT is rather recent.

Horizontal IIT is the exchange of commodities differentiated by attributes excluding quality. Horizontal IIT is explained by economies of scale in the presence of product differentiation and imperfect competition. Vertical IIT is the exchange of commodities differentiated by quality. The explanations for vertical IIT were sought without recourse to economies of scale by Falvey (1981), Falvey and Kierzkowski