Process Selection

Process Selection – Process Design / Process Analysis – Process Measurement

What is Process

[pic 1]

1. Process is defined convertion or transformation on of inputs into derived output.
2. It can be viewed as technology, sequence of operations, or operation system.

Technology:- it is a level of scientific sophistication in plant and equipment and skills in convertion process.

1. Production process takes a set inter related resources and activities and technological capabilities and transform into designed output which could be tangible or intangible.

The transformation involves addition or creation of value to product or service interms of Form, Time, Place.

1. It is unique combination of all factors of production, engaged in production

[pic 2]

Inputs:- Material, markets, Tools, Equipment, Plant Layout, environment, energy Etc.

Process:-Method or Sequence of Operations Process parameters (speed, Feed, Temp, pressure etc)

                                                Tangible[pic 3]

Output:- Desired Goods

                                                Intangible

Process: Ads value in production by changing the material into required shapes forms and size according to customer requirement.

Every process variability is due to two causes.

1. Chance or Random Cause
2. Assignable Cause

Requirement of process

Every process should be

Goal Oriented

Systematic : Adherence to process carried systematically should be user friendly.

It should be capable

Legitimate:- It should be authorized or qualified should be user friendly

Types of Process

[pic 4]

                                Single Stage[pic 5]

Process[pic 6]

                                Multistage

Multistage Process output is controlled by bottle rack operation hence at some stage WIP is more. Hence scheduling is to be done properly.

1. Types of Process

1. Single stage and Multi Stage
2. Produce to Stock (Continuous)
3. Make to Order (Customized product)

Production process on the material Metals. Many processes have limitations or constraint.

Extractive process :- Winning metal out of their matural

Forming or Shaping

1. Costing

Rooling[pic 7]

1. Mechanical Working                        Forming

Extrusion

1. Machine

Heat Treatment Process: This brings increased strength, hardness, softness, toughness like

Assembly processes: these processes deal with surface finish, surface protection, appearance and decorative purpose. (1) Surface costing, Painting

Process Selection: Refers to the strategic decision of selecting which kind of production process to have in manufacturing plant.

Process are the selected on the volume of production required Job, Batch flow,

Selected in response to new facilities, new products, new technology, new markets or new customers expectations.

It is influenced us.

Several factors such as

1. Desired Quality
2. Volume of production
3. Total cost involved of production
4. Time required to produce which should matched with demand rate.
5. Variety and volume of production

Process Design and Process Planning

Process Design is concerned with overall sequence of operation required to achive the desired products specifications.

It specify the type of workstations that are to be used (single stage or multistage).

The markets and equipments necessary and the quantity in which it is required.

The type of skill and knowledge of worker required to perform operation.

The environment in which the operation is to be carried out.

What sort of physical layout is required for a plant.