Truman

When World War II ended the United States and Russia emerged as “Superpowers”. Though they had fought as allies, each had their own agenda and post -war strategies. The United States found itself unable to enjoy the pleasures of peace after the wars completion. Having been unable to establish a true settlement in Europe, America watched, as Russia appeared to strengthen its hold of the region. The Soviets were taking a position in Europe that concerned the United States, led by President Harry S. Truman. The Soviets were refusing to vacate Austria and were maintaining a post war occupation, on the premise that they had conquered Austria when it was a hostile nation.

The Soviet Union was attempting to gain post war control over large, vital portions of Europe. President Truman became enraged at the Soviets actions and attempts to gain control of post war Europe. He felt that the Soviet expansion violated national self-determination, betrayed democratic principles and threatened freedom in Europe. This was very evident in the fact that Russia was attempting to draw Turkey into their sphere of influence. Should they gain control of Turkey, the Soviets would obtain vital territory and maritime control of the Dardanelles Straits. The Dardanelles offer direct passage between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, which would afford the Soviets a vital naval advantage in Europe. To add to these tensions the Soviets rejected a United States proposal to control atomic energy.

The Soviets were expanding their defiant position in post war Europe. They were also refusing to comply with a post war agreement to vacate Iran within six months of the end of World War II. This action was of great concern to the United States who brought this dispute to the attention of the United Nations. A strong position of hostility was observed between the United States and Russia. The United States issued an ultimatum for Russia to withdraw from Iran or face military opposition.

As tensions in Europe continued to rise support against communist expansion was weakening. The support of Great Britain had weakened as they were faced with post war economic hardship and recent severe weather. Churchill advised Truman that Great Britain would no longer be able to fund anti-revolutionary support. Greece was currently in a battle against revolutionaries