Organizational Behavior Terminology and Concepts Paper

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Organizational Behavior Terminology and Concepts Paper

Organizational behavior

An organization can be defined as group of people who interact to accomplish shared objectives. Organizational Behavior is the understanding and utilization of knowledge on how individuals and groups interact in organizations. It encompasses a wide range of topics such as human behavior, culture, diversity, communication, change, leadership and teams. The study of organizational behavior will help us understand how people think, feel and react in a structured organization environment.

There are four types of common organizational behaviour – autocratic, custodial, supportive and collegial. In an autocratic organization, senior management has overall power and filter down to lower management and eventually to individuals. This type of management invite little input from individual employees and overall performance is least effective. In a custodial type, employees rely on the organization to provide job security. Individuals are usually complacent and passive cooperative. Contrary to autocratic and custodial, employees in a supportive type organization often demonstrate higher motivation, participation and often job oriented. Performance in a supportive organization is usually more encouraging. In the four common models collegial is deemed to be more effective or produce higher job performance. In this model work loads are divided within the group and employees tend to be responsible and self-discipline.

Organizational culture

An organization culture derived from "the shared beliefs and values that influence the behavior of organizational members" (Schermerhorn). Organizational culture is what a company’s expectations and standards on values, norms, ethics, and the influential outcome of these beliefs. It is a build up of experience from influences, attitudes and interactions of people within the organization. As these experiences are cumulated, certain behaviour will become norm and form the unique culture of an organization.

Influencing employees positively can be most effectively done by line managers and supervisors rather than forcing from senior management. Success in positive influence will enhance employee satisfaction and motivation. Employees with positive attitudes and behaviors, together with supportive leadership are critical component to business success.

Organizations that manage to retain talent and dedicated employees are likely to be more effective. Greater effectiveness in an organization often translates into greater efficiency, better client relationships, increase businesses and profits for the company.

Diversity

Diversity can be defined as the presence of employees who differ from each other in terms of age, gender, ethnicity or education. Adaptation to diverse work environments is becoming one of the key challenges in organizations. Organizations are becoming more heterogeneous in terms of gender, race, and ethnicity. Understanding the concepts of organizational behaviour allows management to facilitate the needs of a diverse workforce.

A multicultural organization will endeavour to eliminate any social inequities and involves members of various cultural and social groups in the decision-making process which is crucial to sustainability and growth. Such organization acknowledges the contributions of people from different cultural and social backgrounds, and reflects their interests in its mission or strategic goals.

Communication

Communication is defined as the process individual uses to exchange information with each other. Various forms of communication are formal, informal, written, verbal, or gestures. It is a dynamic, interpersonal process in which an individual modifies his/her response on the basis of the behavior of the recipient of the message. Leaders of an organization rely on accurate exchange of information to